🏛️ 6 picks

Roman emperor artifacts, and where to see them

The emperors left their faces in marble and bronze on purpose — portraiture was propaganda. These are the surviving pieces worth crossing a city for, and the museum where each one now stands.

  1. Augustus of Prima Porta

    Vatican Museums, Rome

    The image that defined an emperor forever young — barefoot like a god, hand raised to command. The single most reproduced Roman statue.

  2. Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius

    Capitoline Museums, Rome

    The only bronze equestrian emperor to survive antiquity intact — spared because the Middle Ages mistook him for Constantine.

  3. Trajan’s Column

    In situ, Trajan’s Forum, Rome

    2,600 figures spiralling up 30 metres — a stone documentary of the Dacian wars, and the emperor’s own ashes once sat in the base.

  4. Ara Pacis (Altar of Augustan Peace)

    Ara Pacis Museum, Rome

    Augustus carved his whole family onto a marble altar to sell one idea: peace, restored, and dynastic. Now under glass by the Tiber.

  5. Commodus as Hercules

    Capitoline Museums, Rome

    The emperor draped in a lion skin, club in hand — megalomania in marble, carved not long before his own guards killed him.

  6. Portrait of Caracalla

    The Met, New York

    The scowl that changed imperial portraiture — a soldier-emperor who wanted to look dangerous, and did. Endlessly copied since.

See also